Gem-quality sapphires containing ‘exotic’ elements such as Sn, Nb, Zr, Ta, W, are of special interest in gemmological research, as the concentration of these so-called high-field- strength-elements (HFSE) often correlate with detectable traces of naturally incorporated beryllium (Whatanakul et al. 2004, Par

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This article reviews and details how DNA testing can be used to identify species of precious coral used in jewellery. Since certain species are listed by CITES (Convention on Inter- national Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), the correct identification of coral species is of utmost importance

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