{"id":33033,"date":"2023-07-06T17:49:26","date_gmt":"2023-07-06T15:49:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ssef.ch\/?p=33033"},"modified":"2023-09-21T17:33:59","modified_gmt":"2023-09-21T15:33:59","slug":"saturation-too-low-for-paraiba-tourmaline","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/zh-hant\/saturation-too-low-for-paraiba-tourmaline\/","title":{"rendered":"Saturation too low for Paraiba tourmaline"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"33033\" class=\"elementor elementor-33033\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ae10602 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-backgound-letter-holder-no qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"4ae10602\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-112861b6\" data-id=\"112861b6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8193a95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8193a95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>By Dr. M.S. Krzemnicki, first published in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/facette-2023-web.pdf\">Facette 28<\/a> (May 2023)<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8fea02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c8fea02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"537\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/314_Fig1_not-Paraiba-tourmaline-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-33044\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/314_Fig1_not-Paraiba-tourmaline-jpg.webp 960w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/314_Fig1_not-Paraiba-tourmaline-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/314_Fig1_not-Paraiba-tourmaline-768x430.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: The copper concentration of the described very light green tourmaline (triangle) is distinctly lower (about 550 ppm) than what is common for Paraiba tourmalines from Mozambique (green spots) and Brazil (blue spots). Diagram: SSEF.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ca6be6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ca6be6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Copper-bearing tourmaline, also known as Paraiba tourmaline in the trade, may come in a range of colours from blue to green. Similarly, the colour saturation of such copper-bearing tourmalines may vary largely, from saturated and vibrant \u2013 also known as &#8220;electric&#8221; or &#8220;neon&#8221; \u2013 to very light coloured. Recently, we analysed a tourmaline from Mozambique of very light green colour, containing only small traces of copper resulting in a weak colour saturation of this stone. When comparing this copper-bearing tourmaline with a large selection of Paraiba tourmalines originating from Brazil or Mozambique, we see that these usually show distinctly higher copper concentrations (Figure 2).<\/p><p>Although this tourmaline is coloured by traces of copper and consequently exhibits weak absorption bands related to copper in its absorption spectrum, the saturation of this stone is considered weak, i.e. too low based on our colour standard to be called a Paraiba tourmaline (see also LMHC information sheet No. 6, https:\/\/www.lmhc-gemmology. org\/gemstones).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73a9759 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"73a9759\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"606\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/314_Fig2_not-Paraiba-tourmaline-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-33050\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/314_Fig2_not-Paraiba-tourmaline-jpg.webp 960w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/314_Fig2_not-Paraiba-tourmaline-300x189.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/314_Fig2_not-Paraiba-tourmaline-768x485.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: The copper concentration of the described very light green tourmaline (triangle) is distinctly lower (about 550 ppm) than what is common for Paraiba tourmalines from Mozambique (green spots) and Brazil (blue spots). Diagram: SSEF.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae7f74b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ae7f74b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5c6c7bb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-backgound-letter-holder-no qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"5c6c7bb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-519f20e\" data-id=\"519f20e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df2e8e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df2e8e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Want to learn more about toumalines?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9928359 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9928359\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"738\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/301_Fig10_Cu-tourmaline-1024x738.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5371\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/301_Fig10_Cu-tourmaline-1024x738.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/301_Fig10_Cu-tourmaline-300x216.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/301_Fig10_Cu-tourmaline-768x554.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/301_Fig10_Cu-tourmaline-700x505.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/301_Fig10_Cu-tourmaline.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d9c82d4\" data-id=\"d9c82d4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2010c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2010c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Start your journey to becoming a tourmaline expert with our free online course &#8220;Introduction to tourmalines&#8221;.<\/h4><p>Learn all about tourmalines. Their fascinating history, how they form, where they come from. Learn about all the different origins of tourmalines and their treatments. Take this course as an introduction to the wonderful world of tourmalines.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f7c4ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-laurits_core_button\" data-id=\"3f7c4ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"laurits_core_button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"qodef-shortcode qodef-m qodef-button qodef-layout--filled qodef-html--link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/masterclass\/tourmaline-en\/\" target=\"_self\"  >\n\t<span class=\"qodef-m-text\">Discover the course<\/span>\n<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Copper-bearing tourmaline, also known as Paraiba tourmaline in the trade, may come in a range of colours from blue to green. Similarly, the colour saturation of such copper-bearing tourmalines may vary largely, from saturated and vibrant \u2013 also known as \u201celectric\u201d or \u201cneon\u201d \u2013 to very light coloured.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":33036,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[626],"tags":[734],"library_category":[],"library_author":[],"class_list":["post-33033","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-blog","tag-tourmaline"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Saturation too low for Paraiba tourmaline - SSEF<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/saturation-too-low-for-paraiba-tourmaline\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_TW\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Saturation too low for Paraiba tourmaline - SSEF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Copper-bearing tourmaline, also known as Paraiba tourmaline in the trade, may come in a range of colours from blue to green. Similarly, the colour saturation of such copper-bearing tourmalines may vary largely, from saturated and vibrant \u2013 also known as \u201celectric\u201d or \u201cneon\u201d \u2013 to very light coloured.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/saturation-too-low-for-paraiba-tourmaline\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SSEF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-06T15:49:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-09-21T15:33:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/not-Paraiba-tourmaline-jpg.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"338\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Laurent Cartier\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Laurent Cartier\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9810\u4f30\u95b1\u8b80\u6642\u9593\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 \u5206\u9418\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/saturation-too-low-for-paraiba-tourmaline\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/saturation-too-low-for-paraiba-tourmaline\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Laurent Cartier\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/zh-hans\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c855f01c061d2c7b29f823eaee439288\"},\"headline\":\"Saturation too low for Paraiba tourmaline\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-06T15:49:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-21T15:33:59+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/saturation-too-low-for-paraiba-tourmaline\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":303,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/zh-hans\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/saturation-too-low-for-paraiba-tourmaline\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/07\\\/not-Paraiba-tourmaline-jpg.webp\",\"keywords\":[\"Tourmaline\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Research Blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-TW\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/saturation-too-low-for-paraiba-tourmaline\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/saturation-too-low-for-paraiba-tourmaline\\\/\",\"name\":\"Saturation too low for Paraiba tourmaline - 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