{"id":3491,"date":"2020-03-31T11:42:54","date_gmt":"2020-03-31T09:42:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ssef.ch\/%e6%96%b0%e4%ba%a7%e5%87%ba%e7%9a%84%e9%98%bf%e5%af%8c%e6%b1%97%e7%a5%96%e6%af%8d%e7%bb%bf\/"},"modified":"2023-08-04T11:51:25","modified_gmt":"2023-08-04T09:51:25","slug":"%e6%96%b0%e4%ba%a7%e5%87%ba%e7%9a%84%e9%98%bf%e5%af%8c%e6%b1%97%e7%a5%96%e6%af%8d%e7%bb%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/zh-hans\/%e6%96%b0%e4%ba%a7%e5%87%ba%e7%9a%84%e9%98%bf%e5%af%8c%e6%b1%97%e7%a5%96%e6%af%8d%e7%bb%bf\/","title":{"rendered":"\u65b0\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-1_Afghanistan-emeralds-1024x744.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3418\"\/><figcaption><em>\u56fe1\uff1a2017\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u7ecfSSEF\u9274\u5b9a\u7684\u65b0\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\uff08\u7ea61.5\u81f36\u514b\u62c9\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u6279\u5b9d\u77f3\u6709\u7740\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u51c0\u5ea6\u3002\u56fe\u7247\uff1aJ.S Xaysonghkam. SSEF <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M. S. Krzemnicki\u535a\u58eb\u64b0\u7a3f\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u53d1\u8868\u5728 <a href=\"https:\/\/ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/2018_SSEF_Facette_24.pdf\">Facette 24<\/a> (2018\u5e742\u6708)<p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u51fa\u4ea7\u9ad8\u54c1\u8d28\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u56e0\u5176\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u989c\u8272\u548c\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u7c92\u5ea6\u800c\u9a70\u540d\u4e1a\u754c\u3002\u8fd1\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u65f6\u5c40\u52a8\u8361\u653f\u6cbb\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u6700\u8fd1\u518d\u6b21\u5f00\u91c7\u51fa\u4e00\u6279\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u7c92\u5ea6\u90fd\u6781\u4e3a\u62a2\u773c\u7684\u5b9d\u77f3\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\uff0cSSEF\u4fbf\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u9274\u5b9a\u3002\u57282015\u5e7412\u6708\u4f73\u58eb\u5f97\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u62cd\u5356\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u679a\u91cd\u7ea610\u514b\u62c9\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u6f58\u6770\u5e0c\u5c14Panjshir\u77ff\u573a\u7684\u7edd\u7f8e\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7684\u6210\u529f\u62cd\u51fa\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u590d\u5174\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u5b9d\u77f3\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6765\u81ea\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u5728\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u4ea7\u533a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff(Bowersox\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c1991\uff0cG&amp;G\u5b9d\u77f3\u4e0e\u5b9d\u77f3\u5b66; Schwarz and Pardieu\uff0c2009\uff0cInColor)\u3002\u5176\u4e8c\u4fbf\u662f\u4e0e\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7279\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u65b0\u54c1\u79cd\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5927\u6982\u57282017\u5e74\u521d\u8fdb\u5165\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u636e\u62a5\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6765\u81ea\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u65b0\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u5728\u6f58\u6770\u5e0c\u5c14\u77ff\u533a\u91cc\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u77ff\u56ca\u4e2d\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u5bf9\u5b9d\u77f3\u5b66\u754c\u548c\u5b9d\u77f3\u9274\u5b9a\u6240\u90fd\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u7740\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u548c\u51c0\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6700\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u4e00\u8f83\u9ad8\u4e0b\u3002<p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2017\u5e749\u6708\uff0cSSEF\u5373\u6709\u5e78\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u9ad8\u54c1\u8d28\u7684\u6765\u81ea\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u65b0\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u6790\u548c\u9274\u5b9a\uff0c\u63ed\u5f00\u5979\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u9762\u7eb1\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u5398\u6e05\u4e86\u533a\u5206\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u4e0e\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7684\u4ea7\u5730\u7684\u9274\u5b9a\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u4e0b\u89c2\u5bdf\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u65b0\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u6709\u7740\u4e0e\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u4e0d\u89c4\u5219\u53ca\u952f\u9f7f\u72b6\u72b6\u7684\u6d41\u4f53\u5305\u88f9\u4f53\uff08\u4e09\u76f8\u548c\u591a\u76f8\uff09\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u5e38\u89c1\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u4ee5\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u6676\u4f53\u7684c\u8f74\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u5ef6\u957f\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u7ec6\u957f\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u4e2d\u7a7a\u7ba1\u72b6\u5305\u88f9\u4f53\uff08\u56fe2\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u5f88\u5177\u6709\u8ff7\u60d1\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u4e2d\u4ea6\u662f\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u3002\u800c\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5219\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u6807\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u660e\u663e\u7684\uff08\u516d\u8fb9\u5f62\uff09\u7c92\u72b6\u7eb9\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u4e2d\u5374\u662f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u5728\u4e00\u679a\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u6807\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u5fae\u5f31\u4e14\u66f4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u96ea\u4f5b\u9f99\u72b6\uff08Chevron-like\uff09\u7684\u751f\u957f\u7eb9\u7406\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ef\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u51e0\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u7ec6\u5c0f\u4e14\u5448\u6298\u7ebf\u72b6\u7684\u4e2d\u7a7a\u7ba1\u72b6\u5305\u88f9\u4f53\uff08\u56fe3\uff09\u3002<p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-2_Afghanistan-emeralds-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-2_Afghanistan-emeralds-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-2_Afghanistan-emeralds-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-2_Afghanistan-emeralds-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-2_Afghanistan-emeralds-700x466.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-2_Afghanistan-emeralds.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><em>\u56fe2\uff1a\u6765\u81ea\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u65b0\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6cbf\u7740c\u8f74\u7ec6\u957f\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u7a7a\u7ba1\u72b6\u5305\u88f9\u4f53\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u5305\u88f9\u4f53\u3002 \u56fe\u7247\uff1aM.S. Krzemnicki. SSEF<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u5b9d\u77f3\u5b66\u6d4b\u8bd5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u5927\u7ea6\u4e3a2.72\uff0c\u4e0e\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u800c\u6298\u5c04\u7387\uff08\u5927\u7ea6\u4ece1.582\u52301.592\uff09\u5219\u7565\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u3002<p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u989c\u8272\u662f\u7531\u5fae\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u94ec\u3001\u9492\u548c\u94c1\u6240\u81f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u5f53\u7528X\u5c04\u7ebf\u8367\u5149\u5206\u6790\u4eeaED-XRF\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u4e2d\u7684\u94c1\u542b\u91cf\u7ea6\u53600.3-0.4\u8d28\u91cf\u767e\u5206\u6570wt\uff05\uff08\u4ee5\u4e09\u6c27\u5316\u4e8c\u94c1\u8ba1\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u503c\u660e\u663e\u7684\u9ad8\u4e8e\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7684\u94c1\u542b\u91cf\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u5c0f\u4e8e0.1wt\uff05\uff09\u3002\u94aa\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8303\u56f4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u4ece0.02wt\uff05\u52300.14wt\uff05\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u94aa\u7684\u542b\u91cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b64\u7c7b\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u7279\u5f81\u3002<p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7684\u5438\u6536\u5149\u8c31\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u5149\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5438\u6536\u5e26\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u94ec\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u9492\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5438\u6536\u76f8\u53e0\u52a0\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5149\u8c31\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4e8e850\u7eb3\u7c73\u5904\u5c0f\u7684\u94c1\u5438\u6536\u5e26\uff08\u56fe5\uff09\u662f\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7684\u5438\u6536\u5149\u8c31\u88ab\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u3002<p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5bf9\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ad8\u54c1\u8d28\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4ea7\u5730\u9274\u5b9a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u6b64\u7c7b\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u4e0e\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u8fdb\u884c\u660e\u786e\u7684\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u9996\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u7ed9\u51fa\u6b64\u65b0\u7c7b\u578b\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u7684\u4ea7\u5730\u7684\u9274\u5b9a\u673a\u6784\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u4ea7\u51fa\u8fd9\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5b83\u4ec5\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5355\u4e00\u77ff\u56ca\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u3002<p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-3_Afghanistan-emeralds-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-3_Afghanistan-emeralds-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-3_Afghanistan-emeralds-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-3_Afghanistan-emeralds-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-3_Afghanistan-emeralds-700x466.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/421-3_Afghanistan-emeralds.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><em>\u56fe3\uff1a\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u6b64\u65b0\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u7eff\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u7ec6\u5fae\u7684\u96ea\u4f5b\u9f99\u72b6\u751f\u957f\u7eb9\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u6298\u7ebf\u72b6\u7a7a\u7ba1\u3002 \u56fe\u7247\uff1aM.S. Krzemnicki. 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