{"id":29750,"date":"2023-06-26T10:40:20","date_gmt":"2023-06-26T08:40:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ssef.ch\/?p=29750"},"modified":"2023-08-29T10:44:19","modified_gmt":"2023-08-29T08:44:19","slug":"pearls-diamonds-a-royal-selection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/jp\/pearls-diamonds-a-royal-selection\/","title":{"rendered":"Pearls &#038; diamonds: a royal selection"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"29750\" class=\"elementor elementor-29750\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ae10602 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-backgound-letter-holder-no qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"4ae10602\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-112861b6\" data-id=\"112861b6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8193a95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8193a95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>by Dr. M.S. Krzemnicki, first published in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/facette-2023-web.pdf\">Facette 28<\/a> (May 2023)<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73a9759 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"73a9759\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/The-pearl-tiara-of-the-House-of-Savoy-necklace-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-29761\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/The-pearl-tiara-of-the-House-of-Savoy-necklace-jpg.webp 960w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/The-pearl-tiara-of-the-House-of-Savoy-necklace-300x150.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/The-pearl-tiara-of-the-House-of-Savoy-necklace-768x384.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 1: The pearl tiara of the House of Savoy, which can be also worn as an impressive necklace. Photos: SSEF (left) and Sotheby\u2019s (right).<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ca6be6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ca6be6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 24\"><div class=\"layoutArea\"><div class=\"column\"><p>The SSEF is known worldwide as a leading authority in gem testing, and as such we have the great pleasure to scientifically analyse some of the most prestigious and important jewellery before it is offered up for auction or in private sales. Apart from testing the gem materials in such jewellery, we are often impressed to see the ingenuity of jewellers in their designs and craftmanship. This is especially the case when jewellery of historical provenance is submitted to SSEF. In the past few months, we have analysed several historic pearl tiaras and necklace, from which we present in the following a royal selection.<\/p><p>The first pearl and diamond tiara (Figure 1) was presented in 1867 to Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo (1847-1876) as a wedding gift on the occasion of her marriage to Amedeo of Savoy (1845\u20131890), Duke of Aosta, later crowned King of Spain. This tiara contains 11 drop-shaped natural pearls of partly remarkable size, set together in a classic loop design with a ne selection of colourless old-cut diamonds. It was created by Musy Padre e Figli, court jeweller of Turin, and one of the oldest goldsmiths in Europe. The design can be interpreted as a variation of the Savoy knot, or knot-of- love, a symbol for the House of Savoy and Italian monarchy. This tiara has been designed in a way that it can also be worn as a necklace after a few simple manipulations. Such \u201cdual\u201d use is especially prevalent in noble and royal jewellery, as they can then be adapted to various occasions, such as a coronation, a royal wedding, or just an opulent gala at the royal court.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e591e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e591e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"672\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/306_Fig2_Boucheron-necklace-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-29766\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/306_Fig2_Boucheron-necklace-jpg.webp 960w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/306_Fig2_Boucheron-necklace-300x210.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/306_Fig2_Boucheron-necklace-768x538.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: Belle e\u0301poque pearl necklace and pair of ear-pendants by Boucheron. This necklace was transformed from a tiara, originally made in 1896 also by Boucheron. Photo: Luc Phan. SSEF.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81d838c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81d838c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 24\"><div class=\"layoutArea\"><div class=\"column\"><p>The second item is a Belle E\u0301poque pearl and diamond necklace (Figure 2) by Boucheron. Originally designed as a tiara in 1896, it was shortly afterwards transformed by Boucheron into a necklace and matching ear-pendants (1902). The 32 saltwater natural pearls in this jewellery have been carefully selected and exhibit beautifully matching button- to drop-shapes and a very ne pearl lustre. Their attractive colour subtly ranges from white to light cream. In addition to these qualities, part of these pearls show rose\u0301 and green overtones, poetically also referred to as the \u201corient of pearls\u201d. These overtones are an iridescence effect visible on the surface of pearls and contribute greatly to the beauty of the described pearls.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33e1400 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"33e1400\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"717\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Furstenberg-tiara-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-29771\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Furstenberg-tiara-jpg.webp 960w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Furstenberg-tiara-300x224.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Furstenberg-tiara-768x574.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 3: Fu\u0308rstenberg pearl tiara consists of 23 natural pearls of very fine quality and partly remarkable size. Photo: Christie\u2019s<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd4bc3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bd4bc3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 24\"><div class=\"layoutArea\"><div class=\"column\"><p>The last item to be described here is the Fu\u0308rstenberg pearl tiara. This tiara is set with 23 saltwater natural pearls of partly remarkable size in a historic design of the late 19th century. Based on the provided documentation, this pearl tiara was part of the jewels of Fu\u0308rstenberg, a noble family from Southwestern Germany, hence its name. The pearls in this tiara are characterised by a beautifully matching drop shape and a ne pearl lustre. Their colour subtly ranges from white to light cream. The combination of well-balanced trace elements found in these natural pearls are characteristic of saltwater pearls.<\/p><p>The X-ray analyses of pearls in jewellery is often quite challenging for the analysts at the SSEF. This is especially the case when they are set in a rather rigid tiara with lots of metal mounting and diamonds. We were thus fortunate to have been able to analyse these pearls from the Fu\u0308rstenberg tiara in a first round when they were detached from the main tiara setting. A selection of these radiographies is shown in Figure 4, revealing characteristic \u201conion-like\u201d ring structures in these natural pearls. In addition, these radiographies show also different drilling situations, from being half-drilled to fully drilled.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dcbc71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7dcbc71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/306_Fig4_Furstenberg-tiara_radiography-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-29776\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/306_Fig4_Furstenberg-tiara_radiography-jpg.webp 960w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/306_Fig4_Furstenberg-tiara_radiography-300x92.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/306_Fig4_Furstenberg-tiara_radiography-768x236.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 4: X-ray radiographies of a selection of the natural pearls from the Furstenberg tiara. Photo: SSEF<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae7f74b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ae7f74b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3fc468c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-backgound-letter-holder-no qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"3fc468c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-06b8fb7\" data-id=\"06b8fb7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6514e1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6514e1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Want to learn more Gems &amp; Jewellery?<\/h4><p>The advanced training course (ATC) \u201cGems &amp; Jewellery: History, Identification and Important Trends\u201d is unique in that it combines the history and significance of gems in historic and modern jewellery.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28feacb elementor-widget elementor-widget-laurits_core_button\" data-id=\"28feacb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"laurits_core_button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"qodef-shortcode qodef-m qodef-button qodef-layout--filled qodef-html--link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/courses\/advanced-gems-jewellery\/\" target=\"_self\"  >\n\t<span class=\"qodef-m-text\">Discover the course<\/span>\n<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The SSEF is known worldwide as a leading authority in gem testing, and as such we have the great pleasure to scientifically analyse some of the most prestigious and important jewellery before it is offered up for auction or in private sales. Apart from testing the gem materials in such jewellery, we are often impressed to see the ingenuity of jewellers in their designs and craftmanship.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":29752,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[626],"tags":[725,724],"library_category":[],"library_author":[],"class_list":["post-29750","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-blog","tag-diamond","tag-pearl"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pearls &amp; diamonds: a royal selection - SSEF<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/pearls-diamonds-a-royal-selection\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pearls &amp; diamonds: a royal selection - SSEF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The SSEF is known worldwide as a leading authority in gem testing, and as such we have the great pleasure to scientifically analyse some of the most prestigious and important jewellery before it is offered up for auction or in private sales. Apart from testing the gem materials in such jewellery, we are often impressed to see the ingenuity of jewellers in their designs and craftmanship.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/pearls-diamonds-a-royal-selection\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SSEF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-26T08:40:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-29T08:44:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/pearl-diamond-royal-jewellery-jpg.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"338\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Laurent Cartier\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Laurent Cartier\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/pearls-diamonds-a-royal-selection\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/pearls-diamonds-a-royal-selection\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Laurent Cartier\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ssef.ch\\\/zh-hans\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c855f01c061d2c7b29f823eaee439288\"},\"headline\":\"Pearls &#038; 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