{"id":38253,"date":"2024-06-06T08:59:33","date_gmt":"2024-06-06T06:59:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ssef.ch\/?p=38253"},"modified":"2024-06-10T17:35:32","modified_gmt":"2024-06-10T15:35:32","slug":"sapphires-of-teal-colour-from-pein-pyit-east-mogok","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/de\/sapphires-of-teal-colour-from-pein-pyit-east-mogok\/","title":{"rendered":"Sapphires of &#8218;teal&#8216; colour from Pein-Pyit, East Mogok"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"38253\" class=\"elementor elementor-38253\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ae10602 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-backgound-letter-holder-no qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"4ae10602\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-112861b6\" data-id=\"112861b6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8193a95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8193a95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>By Dr. M.S. Krzemnicki, first published in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/facette-2024-web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facette 29<\/a> (May 2024)<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9e6d368 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default qodef-backgound-letter-holder-no qodef-elementor-content-no\" data-id=\"9e6d368\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff43db1\" data-id=\"ff43db1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6541365 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6541365\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"792\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_1_Pein-Pyit-with-sapphires-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38259\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_1_Pein-Pyit-with-sapphires-jpg.webp 1000w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_1_Pein-Pyit-with-sapphires-300x238.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_1_Pein-Pyit-with-sapphires-768x608.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 1: Paddy fields near the mining sites at Pein-Pyit in 2014, and three typical sapphires of slight to distinct greenish blue colour from that area about 10 km northeast of Mogok. Photo: M.S. Krzemnicki, SSEF.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a521df8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a521df8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Mogok area in northern Myanmar has been known as a major source of rubies and other gems since historic times. Often referred to as the \u2018MogokStoneTract\u2019, this gem-rich area is located within the central part of the Mogok Metamorphic Belt which forms part of a larger metamorphic belt structure, extending for more than 2000 km from the Himalayan mountain range in the North to the Andaman Sea in the South. The Mogok area stretches about 25 km from East to West and about 10 km from North to South with the main townships Kyatpyin and Mogok located in the centre of the area. Gems are found at numerous localities and mining sites within this larger area mainly composed of upper amphibolite to granulite facies marbles, schists and gneisses which were intruded by various felsic to mafic igneous rocks (Phyo et al. 2023, see also article in this Facette on page 34).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2208ea7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2208ea7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"635\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_2_map-Pein-Pyit-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38265\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_2_map-Pein-Pyit-jpg.webp 1000w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_2_map-Pein-Pyit-300x191.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_2_map-Pein-Pyit-768x488.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: Map of the Mogok Stone Tract indicating the location of the gem deposit at Pein-Pyit. Map slightly adapted from Phyo et al. 2019.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3724ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e3724ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAt Pein-Pyit, a village about 10km northeast of Mogok (Figures 1 &amp; 2), mining of alluvial gem deposits on small stream banks and in paddy fields has been ongoing for many years, producing rubies, spinel, but mainly also sapphires of yellowish-green to greenish blue and greyish blue colour. The greenish blue colour of these sapphires is the result of a rather high iron concentration, predominantly present as ferric iron (Fe3+) and thus resulting in strong Fe3+ peaks in the absorption spectrum (Figure 3). Especially the high and broad Fe3+ peak at 450 nm has a major effect on the colour of sapphire, as it shifts the transmission window towards the green (local absorption minimum at about 480 nm). In some cases, the broad absorption band at about 560 nm (related to the Fe2+-Ti4+ intervalence charge transfer IVCT) is further reduced or nearly missing, resulting in green to yellowish green fancy sapphires from this same mining area near the village Pein-Pyit.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eaa8692 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"eaa8692\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"566\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_2_UVVis_Sapphire-Pein-Pyit-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38271\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_2_UVVis_Sapphire-Pein-Pyit-jpg.webp 1000w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_2_UVVis_Sapphire-Pein-Pyit-300x170.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_2_UVVis_Sapphire-Pein-Pyit-768x435.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 3: Absorption spectrum of a sapphire of slightly greenish blue colour from Pein-Pyit, Mogok area. Figure: M.S. Krzemnicki, SSEF.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d114d43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d114d43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tInterestingly, these \u2018teal\u2019 coloured sapphires are occasionally quite large (50 ct and more) and of excellent clarity. They usually contain only few inclusions (Figure 4) such as tiny rutile needles, but geometric (fluid) platelets, step-like healing fissures, and diaspore exsolutions (\u2018ice flowers\u2019) in fissures, features which are in many aspects similar to inclusions known from \u2018classic\u2019 Burmese sapphires (Gu\u0308belin &amp; Koivula 2008; Kan-Nyunt et al. 2017; Soonthorntantikul et al. 2021).\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eaac06 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0eaac06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"229\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_4_inclusions-Pein-Pyit-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38277\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_4_inclusions-Pein-Pyit-jpg.webp 1000w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_4_inclusions-Pein-Pyit-300x69.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_4_inclusions-Pein-Pyit-768x176.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 4: Inclusions in these sapphires from Pein-Pyit. Magnification 50x. Microphotos: M.S. Krzemnicki, SSEF.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f553c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0f553c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For quite some time, sapphires from Pein-Pyit were not much sought after, as they obviously fall outside the \u2018royal blue\u2019 colour range for which classic Burmese sapphires have been cherished in the past. However, this has changed in recent years, as new collectors with broader colour preferences have entered the market. Consequently, the sapphires from the Pein-Pyit area have gained much interest in the trade in recent years (Figure 5), mostly due to their Burmese origin combined with an attractive \u2018teal\u2019 colour, exceptional quality, and size.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b644fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2b644fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"637\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_4_Sapphire-Gemtrack_Pein-Pyit-jpg.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-38283\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_4_Sapphire-Gemtrack_Pein-Pyit-jpg.webp 1000w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_4_Sapphire-Gemtrack_Pein-Pyit-300x191.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/321_Fig_4_Sapphire-Gemtrack_Pein-Pyit-768x489.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 5: Flat polished sapphire of 36 ct from Pein-Pyit before and after cutting into a beautiful hexagonal gem sapphire of 19 ct. The journey of this sapphire from pre-shaped to cut was documented by request of the client with a SSEF GemTrackTM report. Photo: J. Xaysongkham, SSEF.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Mogok area in northern Myanmar has been known as a major source of rubies and other gems since historic times. Often referred to as the \u2018Mogok Stone Tract\u2019, this gem-rich area is located within the central part of the Mogok Metamorphic Belt which forms part of a larger metamorphic belt structure, extending for more than 2000 km from the Himalayan mountain range in the North to the Andaman Sea in the South.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":38289,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[626],"tags":[726],"library_category":[],"library_author":[],"class_list":["post-38253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-blog","tag-sapphire"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Sapphires of &#039;teal&#039; colour from Pein-Pyit, East Mogok - SSEF<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ssef.ch\/de\/sapphires-of-teal-colour-from-pein-pyit-east-mogok\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sapphires of &#039;teal&#039; colour from Pein-Pyit, East Mogok - SSEF\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Mogok area in northern Myanmar has been known as a major source of rubies and other gems since historic times. 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